As for how it actually works, it’s a marvel of automotive engineering. At the top of modern car engines is the “head” which contains, in simple terms, all the valves, camshaft(s), and spark plugs that make the engine run. VTEC works by using a set of three rocker arms on top of each cylinder that rest on a camshaft that controls the valves. Like Honda says, low speeds, when the engine isn’t running very fast, about a third of those rocker arms aren’t doing anything, mainly because the engine isn’t working as hard. When you crank it up into high gear, the third rocker arm comes into play and is able to help the engine achieve more horsepower as the revs go up.
Honda certifies that VTEC allows your average car to take on the personas of two fundamentally different cars. When your Civic is cruising, it’s not particularly exciting, but it does get the commute done. However, when it gets to a high enough rpm, the VTEC works its magic and allows its little engine to put out as much power as it can muster. Even the sound of the exhaust is changing, according to Honda, as the basic nature of how exhaust exits the engine (via the valves) has been changed.
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