2023 Tesla Model 3 Long Range SUV
25 kWh / 100 miles
2023 Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD
26 kWh / 100 miles
2023 Ford F-150 Lightning 4WD Extended Range
48 kWh / 100 miles
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Hyundai’s new Ioniq 6 ties with the Lucid Air Pure as the most energy-efficient electric vehicle on the road.
Hyundai
When shopping for or discussing electric cars, it’s easy to get hung up on range as the most important metric, but how far an EV can get you is only part of the picture. Much like the miles per gallon we already know from gasoline cars, the efficiency of an electric vehicle (measured in miles per kilowatt-hour) plays a huge role in how much does it cost to drive an electric car, but it also affects everything from car design, sticker price, and performance.
I’ve rounded up the five most energy-efficient electric cars on sale today, as estimated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Also highlighted are the most efficient electric pickups, which come with different performance and range requirements than the sedans and SUVs that make up the bulk of the list. It has answered some frequently asked questions about EV efficiency and kWh.
The most efficient electric cars and SUVs
Hyundai Ioniq 6 It’s the newest model on this list, hitting dealerships earlier this year, but it also ranks as the most efficient electric car you can buy today. The sedan’s aerodynamic body 6 rides atop Hyundai Motor’s range E-GMP electric vehicle platform – Which also supports SUV like Ionic 5And EV6 from Kia And EV9 and the Genesis GV60 — giving it an advantage in range and efficiency over the expanding EV family. In the latest long-range, rear-wheel-drive configuration, the Ioniq 6 cruises up to 361 miles and covers 4.17 miles per kWh. That’s the equivalent of 140 miles per minute, according to the EPA.
In first place we find luxury and long range Lucid Air electric carsupported by the new Pure and Touring trim levels introduced earlier this year. Slightly lighter than the range-topping Grand Touring model thanks to a smaller battery pack and more modest interior finishes, the Touring has a range of 425 miles and 410 miles of pure cruising at 4.17 miles-per-kWh, topping out at 140 mph according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Tesla I got chatting with the long-range, twin-engine version of its affordable electric sedan, the Form 3. This configuration is the most energy efficient spec in the US automaker’s lineup flying at 4 miles per kWh and averaging about 132 mpge estimated by the EPA over a range of 358 miles. Like its roomier sibling, the Model Y, it’s also eligible for up to $7,500 tax credit for electric vehicles Under Federal Inflation Reduction Act, giving your savings in operating costs a boost.
the Y model It is the roomier and heavier twin of the aforementioned Tesla Model 3. The increased mass and longer aerodynamic profile have minimal impact on energy efficiency. The EPA believes the electric SUV will cruise at 3.85 miles per kilowatt-hour, which works out to the equivalent of 123 mpg.
one of The most affordable electric car At dealerships today, the Hyundai Kona Electric It is a surprisingly economical electric car. The Kona EV runs up to 258 miles per charge from the 64kWh battery pack, and covers up to 3.7 miles per kWh, returning an energy equivalent of 120mpg. Its low entry and operating costs make it a frugal option for commuters, but we wouldn’t recommend it for frequent road trips because of its Achilles’ heel — the relatively slow fast charging speeds of DC.
The most efficient electric pickup truck
The taller ride height, upright windshield, and enhanced utility but uncomfortably open bed of a pickup truck don’t cut the air as cleanly as a sedan, crossover, or SUV. Plus, delivering the power and torque truck buyers expect for light towing or off-grid crawling requires larger, heavier power reserves. Thus, electric trucks tend to be less energy efficient than small electric vehicles, falling farther down the EPA’s current EV efficiency lists.
However, electric pickups are generally more energy efficient than their diesel or petrol-powered predecessors, with the two most popular models returning the equivalent of over 70 mpg.
Rivian Electric Adventure Truck, R1TIt rolls in a four-motor configuration that allows it to precisely control the application of torque to each individual wheel. I was able to experience this configuration on the highways and trails of Colorado. Overall, you’re looking for a combination of more than 800 horsepower and 900 lb-ft of torque. Even more impressive is its 328 miles of range, made possible by a massive 135 kWh large battery pack.
Soon, Rivian will offer lighter, more efficient specs, but the EPA’s best-estimated configuration rolls on 21-inch wheels to a combined 2.17 MPH and an average of 73 MPH.
Ford F-150 Lightning He approaches the electric truck formula from a more traditional direction. Introduced as a Lightning Pro work truck stripped down to the surprisingly luxurious Platinum trim, the most impressive thing about the Lightning is that it looks and feels like a regular F-150 pickup truck. That’s a big compliment, considering Ford’s F-Series has been one of (and often has been) the best-selling cars in America for decades.
Still, the Lightning stands above the rest of the F-Series at the pump — more precisely, the charging station — with an average of 2.08 miles per kilowatt-hour over a range of 320 miles, or about 70 miles per minute. In addition, thanks Recent price cutHowever, the electric F-150 is more affordable.
Why is the efficiency of electric vehicles important?
Range estimation for an electric vehicle only tells part of the story. Take two EVs with similar range—the 247-mile Chevrolet Bolt EUV and the 248-mile Genesis GV60. If you were just looking at the range, you might assume that these two different cars have the same efficiency. However, Chevy uses a 65 kWh battery while Genesis needs 77.4 kWh to get the same job done. That’s because at 3.45 MPH versus 2.86 (or 115 MPH versus 95), the Bolt is about 20% more energy efficient. Meanwhile, the more efficient Hyundai Ioniq 6 model stretches the same 77.4 kWh package as the Genesis all the way to a range of 361 miles.
A more efficient electric vehicle can return improved range, require a smaller battery pack, or both. And because the battery is usually the heaviest part of an electric vehicle, this gives a series of advantages. The lighter electric vehicle shows less tire and brake wear, improved driving dynamics, and less wear and tear on roads and trails. A lighter car requires less energy to accelerate, which is kind of a twofold drop in efficiency.
A more efficient electric vehicle uses less energy per trip, and since electricity isn’t usually free, this saves you money.
Antoine Goodwin/CNET
The battery is the most expensive component of an electric vehicle, so more efficient electric vehicles with appropriately sized batteries are often among the more expensive options. And the savings don’t stop at the agent. Electricity is usually not free. You’ll pay for it in kilowatt-hours when charging at home or at public fast-charging stations. So using less energy per mile driven saves money in the long run.
Finally, there are advantages to charging time. A less efficient 300-mile EV with a large battery takes longer to charge than a more efficient 300-mile EV with a smaller pack, assuming they accept power at a similar rate. (Which they don’t always do, however This is a different discussion.) It’s just like how a 25-gallon tank in a pickup truck takes longer to fill up than a 15-gallon sedan, but on a much longer scale.
What does mpge mean?
Miles per gallon equivalent, or mpge, is a unit of measurement developed in 2010 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to help shoppers compare the efficiency of alternative fuel vehicles (such as hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric) directly with gasoline-powered vehicles. The unit is based on the calculation that one gallon of gasoline contains an equivalent energy of about 33.7 kilowatt-hours of electricity, but it can also be adapted to compare hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and even compressed natural gas cars.
Today, savvy shoppers are more familiar with the kilowatt-hour—the unit of energy by which household electricity use is measured and priced—but the EPA’s aggregated mpge estimate remains a handy tool for drivers considering switching from conventional vehicles to electrified vehicles. Using mpge as an acronym, for example, a driver can compare the Kia Niro Electric (113 mpge) fairly directly to the Kia Niro Hybrid (53 mpge) and learn that the EV is more than twice as fuel efficient, despite using different fuels delivered in very different ways.
How is the efficiency of electric vehicles measured?
Outside the realm of combustion comparison, miles per kWh is, in my opinion, the easiest unit of efficiency to understand. Think of the battery as your tank of gas and the kilowatt of energy as a gallon of fuel and is a direct replacement for miles per gallon, serving the same purpose as the mpge. It also fits the familiar model of “going up with efficiency,” making it a more natural tool for comparing EVs against each other or the effects of your driving habits on efficiency in real time. This is why many electric vehicles choose to display efficiency on trip computers and dashboard displays in miles per kWh.
EV efficiency can be measured in miles per kilowatt-hour or kilowatt-hours per 100 miles. Both units are useful for different reasons.
De Benito / Getty Images
In addition to mpge, the EPA breaks down efficiency in terms of kilowatt-hours per 100 miles, which is kind of the inverse of miles/kWh. Since electricity is often charged in kilowatt-hours, kWh/100 mi is a handy unit for determining the cost of running an EV. The math is simpler: for example, the BMW i4 eDrive35’s 30 kWh/100 mph range cleanly reproduces its $0.36/kW supercharged rate. That works out to about $11 per 100 miles driven or, when you change the decimal point, $0.11 per mile.
Measuring miles per kilowatt-hour isn’t as simple as taking the range and dividing it by the battery capacity for a variety of reasons. For starters, most EVs have a portion of their battery’s physical capacity set aside to extend the life of the pack, which reduces the effective or usable capacity of the battery by a small amount. Aerodynamics, rolling resistance, friction, weather, and the force used by other vehicle accessory systems also affect how an electric vehicle will behave on an EPA test course against real-world conditions. As the saying goes, your mileage may vary.
For help getting the best mileage possible, check out our guides to Scope maximization your electric car, Maintenance of your electric car For optimum efficiency and Calculate the total cost of ownership for an electric vehicle.
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